By Kevin Dobbs

Montclair Advisors, LLC

Now that many software companies really feel that the risks associated with a second recession are firmly in the rearview mirror, it now seems like everyone is looking to grow their businesses.

I read a great post yesterday by Bruce Cleveland at InterWest Ventures about the Value of Growth for SaaS Companies, which I thought really accurately captured a challenge that many software firms face when transitioning to a SaaS model.   This is a subject that is near and dear to me given my background as a reformed marketing executive and someone who was responsible lead generation at Oracle years ago during the Tom Siebel and Marc Benioff era.   I think it was Tom Siebel when he was running Oracle’s inside sales team that told me “I want it to rain leads from the sky!” At the time I was actually shocked because he was asking me to literally drown his sales team with qualified opportunities who wanted to buy Oracle’s database products.

As I have come to learn that he knew exactly what he was talking about and his track record demonstrates that productive sales teams deliver amazing revenue growth results.  Bruce’s post highlights that a SaaS company without meaningful growth is not worth very much and probably will fetch the low-end of the valuation curve, which is still pretty good in today’s crazy market (See last week’s post about the SaaS Bubble).   So how are high flying SaaS companies like Salesforce and SuccessFactors achieving CAGR’s in excess of 30% every year?   Check out this chart I put together on some of the leading publicly traded SaaS firms (sans Salesforce because they will skew the chart):

As you can see the companies with the higher growth rates are also the ones that have high market caps (valued more highly by Wall Street).  What is really interesting is that SuccessFactors was able to grow by almost 50% for the past three years, even through one of the worst recessions in the last 100 years.  The value of growth can also been seen by a company that recently went public, Cornerstone OnDemand, they have been rewarded with a market cap that is over $800M even though the company lost more than $40M last year.  Seems crazy right?  But they have a great organic growth story along with a major channel relationship with ADP which could also signal even faster growth in the future.

If you talk to any software sales rep they often complain about their pipeline and the lack of quality leads. Reminds me of those coveted Glengarry leads  from Mitch and Murray downtown.    So at the heart of all of these companies and their rapid growth rates is that they have all developed a core competency to generate high quality leads and build pipelines quickly.

(click on picture to see clip)

Here are some tricks that I have learned along the way that will help you to build out your SaaS lead generation strategies:

• Use a Portfolio Approach - Depending on your product, buyers, and market there may be many ways to generate interest.  Campaign elements of a typical lead generation strategy are a combination of organic and paid web traffic, email campaigns, webinars, customer programs, social media and targeted events.   Don’t put all of your investment in a single demand generation approach, but reward the tactics that generate quality leads at an affordable price.
• Test and Test Again - With the portfolio approach you will need to continually test your messaging, packaging, value propositions, and price points.   The best-in-class SaaS firms are continually testing and refining their lead strategies.  This is important as most SaaS marketing organizations are trying to lower and optimize their Customer Acquisition Costs (CAC).
• Automate Where Possible -  There are a lot of great Sales 2.0 tools available today that can give you a real unfair advantage in the lead generation process.  Companies like Marketo, Pardot, Eloqua, Constant Contact, NetSuite and even Salesforce offer many tools to help you automate and analyze your marketing efforts.  I would definitely recommend implementing a lead nurturing or drip marketing program to continue to work your lower quality leads, this is a great way to build your pipeline over time with little direct human intervention.
• Track Everything - Make sure your sales operations and marketing teams are tracking and analyzing all of your lead activities and conversion rates.  You don’t need to be overly complex, but just tracking some basic things like lead scores, lead acceptance rates, leads converting to opportunities and close rates can help your organization to fuel your high growth SaaS sales engine.

With Cornerstone OnDemand’s recent IPO (NASDAQ: CSOD) and their high valuation based on a negative EBIDTA, many are starting to ask if we are headed for a second Internet or SaaS Bubble?

I do agree that some of the valuations at this point are a lot higher than a reasonable person would expect, but this is probably just pent up interest in the technology sector. It doesn’t help that Facebook and LinkedIn has seriously pumped up the valuations for Internet/Social Media firms, but today’s SaaS companies are very different from the Dot Bombs of 1999/2000.

Remember these companies?

All of these companies were built on bad business models, too much money and expectations that were out of control. And by the way are all out of business.

But not all of the Internet companies that were formed during this period were bombs; in fact there are a number of firms that are now pillars of the technology industry including these firms:

It would be safe to say that each of these companies struggled during and after the Dot-Com collapse but they were able to modify their models to take advantage of the efficiencies that the Internet provided. Amazon has built a business that can effectively compete against the largest retailer in the world, Walmart, even though its sales are only 1/12^th their revenues.

All of these Internet Survivors had to develop a real business model that would deliver solid margins, profits and growth. They each had to assemble experienced management teams, learn how to deliver superior customer service and build trusted brands. Not easy to do, but they did it.

Fast-forward to today and we have a whole new set of Internet and Software-as-a-Service companies that have emerged and gone public including these firms:

(1) CSOD IPO: March 17, 2011

(2) SREV IPO: March 25, 2011

As you can see most of these companies were founded before the Internet Bubble burst and were forced to create real business models that could deliver profits.

At Montclair Advisors, we specialize in SaaS business advisory services and we know many of these firms quite well and they all have strong management teams, growing businesses and staying power. Unlike the Internet firms that went IPO in 1999 or 2000, most of these firms have had to build up their businesses over ten or more years and are based on some form of recurring revenues.

Major differences between the companies on this list versus the early Dot Bomb firms include:

• Proven Over Time. As you can see most of these firms are at least ten years old and have weathered the economic changes through the last two recessions.

• Businesses at Scale. Most of these companies are over $100M in annual revenues, which means they have been successful in selling into multiple markets and geographies.

• Recurring Revenue Streams. Anyone who has been involved with a company that has developed a subscription business can tell you how hard it is to create a meaningful recurring revenue stream. The advantages of being a SaaS software company based on subscriptions means that revenues remain consistent so there is a high degree of transparency and visibility.

• High Degree of Customer Satisfaction. All of these companies are dependent on satisfied customers that want to renew their annual subscription agreements and purchase more services. This is quite different than the ‘drive-by’ relationships many of the early Internet companies developed with their customers.

• Strong Management Teams. After the Dot Com crash it became much harder to file for an IPO and manage a company in the post Sarbanes-Oxley world. These next generation of Internet companies have attracted leading management expertise that knows how to innovate and rapidly scale viable businesses.

So are the valuations of companies like Cornerstone OnDemand and Servicesource, Facebook and LinkedIn too high? Are we beginning to see a SaaS Bubble? Maybe, but all of these companies have been built for the long term and will be around long after any correction, unlike their early Internet cousins Web Van or Kozmo.com.

It is always hard to predict the future, but here are my 10 Predictions for the SaaS market in 2011, and they might just happen:

Blockbuster Subscription Software IPO’s

A number of large consumer subscription software players including Facebook, Groupon, LinkedIn, Zynga and Skype could really open up the public markets with a major blockbuster IPO (or IPO’s) in 2011.  SaaS firms that look to get everyone’s attention with potential IPO’s next year include Cornerstone OnDemand, Workday, Marketo, Service-Now and possibly Plateau.

Major Players Merge to Form the Next Big SaaS Brand

So my prediction (which is a pure guess) is that SuccessFactors and Taleo finally get over their respective CEO ego issues and decide to merge.   Sounds a little crazy, but when you really consider their product portfolios, there might not be as much of an overlap as you might think.  SuccessFactors is basically a performance and analytics company and Taleo is a recruiting and learning (after acquiring Learn.com) company.  They both have some additional components that could be plugged into to create a more comprehensive suite of CPM and Talent Management offerings.

This would also create a combined company with a market cap approaching (SFSF + TLEO) $4B and annual revenues in excess of $400M, which would be the second largest SaaS firm in the market, and a clear leader in their space.  Another potential marriage might be Concur and Ultimate Software.

Oracle Finally Pulls the Trigger on NetSuite

It seems like most Oracle SaaS rumors involve the acquisition of Salesforce.com, and that may happen some day, but the more likely combination for 2011 is NetSuite.  Larry Ellison is a major investor in NetSuite (early investor) and own/controls more that 50% of the company’s shares.  He may come to the conclusion that he needs some real SaaS DNA inside of Oracle to help grow their Fusion business in 2011 and beyond.

SAP Throws in The Towel and Buys Leading SaaS Player

Similar to the realization that many other major traditional ISV’s will come to in 2011, that they are too far beyond in SaaS to catch up organically, SAP will buy their way into SaaS.  The Business ByDesign project for SAP, by some estimates, has cost more than $1 billion and there isn’t much to show for it.  I always thought that the Sybase acquisition was just a smoke screen to cover up how little progress has been made with BBD at their most recent Sapphire user meeting.   Like Oracle, I think SAP reaches out into the market and purchases a SaaS firm to jump start BBD.  RightNow would be an interesting choice since SAP wants to make a splash in the CRM market.

Master Brands Continue to March Towards SaaS

These big software companies are no longer just paying lip service to SaaS or the Cloud, they continue to catch up with the subscription software market transition that is happening everywhere.  All sizes of customers who were battered during the recession are no longer interested in spending a lot of capital and time that has been associated with traditional software projects and are becoming increasing comfortable with SaaS.  This shift in the Software market is massive and is going to take at least 10 years, and we are probably only in the second year (post-recession) of this shift.  Continue to look to see what SaaS moves firms like Oracle, SAP, HP, CA and Infor make in 2011.

Continued Explosion of PaaS offerings

Look at Salesforce.com’s recent moves to expand their Force.com Platform-as-a-Service portfolio with VMForce and then buying Ruby on Rails provider Heroku for over $200 million.  Beyond Force.com there are many other offerings here today and coming in 2011 including App Engine by Google, Apprenda, Azure by Microsoft, Corent, Engine Yard, Facebook, Flex by Adobe, Fusion by Oracle, Intalio, IPP by Intuit, LongJump, Nimbula, SuiteCloud by NetSuite, and Wolf Frameworks.

As long as traditional ISV’s continue to move towards SaaS, there will be a green field opportunity for all types of PaaS solutions. Look for several of these firms to be acquired in 2011 by larger ISV’s.

Salesforce.com Continues to Expand Beyond CRM

After attending Dreamforce this month, it was curious to see a number of Force.com firms offering ERP extensions starting to gain real market momentum. Companies like FinancialForce.com (they purchased Appirio’s PSE business) who are delivering a growing suite of financial and accounting applications, JobScience who continue to build out their Talent Relationship Management suite on Force.com, Less Software who is selling a targeted Supply Chain Management solution and even Remedy’s Service Desk offering, RemedyForce Cloud.   If Salesforce offers an attractive exit for any of these firms or their Force.com products, like they did with Heroku, then it might be possible to do a quick roll-up of key partners to create a competitive Cloud-based ERP solution.

Interestingly this type of move might be triggered by Oracle buying Netsuite or Workday going public.

Fake SaaS Firms That Use Private Clouds Will Loose Altitude

Although Private Clouds might be a viable alternative for enterprises who are looking to leverage the economics of the Cloud, for software companies this type of approach will only provide short term ‘Fake SaaS‘ types of solutions.  This type of business model of hosting single-tenant software was known as Application Service Providers (ASP’s) and none of these companies that emerged about 10 years ago were able to find a business model that really scaled profitably.   Private Clouds will offer a short term technology transition steps for software companies who are moving away from just offering traditional on-premise software but this trend will really start to fade by later next year.

New Revenue Streams for SaaS Firms That OEM

At Dreamforce ‘10 Salesforce.com announced that they are launching their new Database.com offering, a Database in the Cloud. What was interesting about this news is that Salesforce is really just reselling a private-label version of Oracle’s database technology.  For Salesforce this is a unique way to take proven Oracle software, designed for on-premise deployment, and create a true subscription-based version of this product.  No doubt that Salesforce will need to do some work to create a massive multi-tenant version of an ORACLE database and then deliver it as a service, but they are already doing this today through their Force.com platform.  This could be a significant new revenue stream for both companies and look for other SaaS firms to try OEM’ing their software as a way to improve their CAGRs in 2011.

This should be an interesting year as the economy improves and the SaaS market really begins to gain some serious momentum.  It should be a fun time to be in the Software business again.

Kevin Dobbs,  Montclair Advisors, LLC

By Kevin Dobbs

Montclair Advisors, LLC

When thinking about your transition to SaaS, there are many questions to consider including target customers, value propositions, packaging, pricing and how best to build customer relationships.

After conducting more than 50 Smart SaaS business profiles of all different types including pure SaaS, Hybrids and Cross-Overs, all of these companies would probably answer many of these types of questions differently depending on their type of customer, functionality, geography, vertical markets and the only way they can get useful answers is to continually test everything.   Best in class SaaS firms are always trying different pricing, packages, messages in order to optimize their businesses, like a recent firm we profiled - Clarizen.

Some resources when thinking about these types of considerations include:

Software Pricing Partners - Jim Geisman

Chaotic Flow - Joel York

SaaS Blogs

Sixteen Ventures - Lincoln Murphy

4 Pillars of SaaS - Phil Wainewright, ZDNet

In addition to testing, it is a good idea to measure everything including website traffic, marketing campaigns, product usage, customer satisfaction and a myriad of other SaaS and business metrics.  Again, the best firms track and monitor all the key business metrics in order to improve their ability to generate revenues, build market share and reduce unnecessary customer churn.  SaaS requires a very tight operational model and has moved business an art to a science and now there are an entire new class to tools to improve revenue performance and reduce costs.  Some of these next generation of tools include:

Sales Automation

EchoSign - Provides electronic signature and contract management.

InsideView - Sales business intelligence and social media platform.

JigSaw - Business information and data services.

NetSuite - CRM and ERP suite.

RightNow - CRM, call center and social platform.

Salesforce.com - Salesforce is not only a solid Customer Relationship Management system but also a great system of record for all types of sales, marketing and service information and applications. Also offers a application marketplace that provides value added extensions.  Salesforce also offers Chatter a collaboration platform to improve internal communications.

SugarCRM - Open source based CRM that provides a robust no cost solution.

Marketing Automation

Eloqua - Marketing automation platform.

Genius.com - Sales and lead automation.

MarketBright - Marketing and lead generation management.

Marketo - Marketing and revenue management.

Pardot - Business to Business lead automation.

SaaS Analytics

Birst - On demand business intelligence product.

Cloud9 Analytics - SaaS performance management.

GoodData - SaaS business intelligence product.

PivotLink - On demand business intelligence product.

Using many of these tools companies can help a SaaS firm track their business, sales and marketing performance.  The question that I often get is ‘what should I be tracking?’  There are an emerging set of SaaS-based business metrics that include Monthly Recurring Revenues (MRR), Churn, Customer Acquisition Costs (CAC), The Magic Number (MN) and others that provide very precise views into how a SaaS business is performing.  Here is a chart that details some of the more common SaaS business metrics by functional area:

Other resources to learn about SaaS metrics;

5 C’s of SaaS Finance - Bessemer Ventures

Chaotic Flow - Joel York

For Entrepreneaurs - David Skok, Matrix Partners

Haut Tech - Michael Dunham at Scio Development

My opinion about the SaaS business model is that there are a lot of new considerations about building a profitable subscription business today.  The buyers are different, there are many robust low-cost tools available, Cloud technology that can radically change your cost model and time to market as well as many other business factors, so the only real way to really tune your business for SaaS is to continually test everything!

I would be interested in your comments and hearing about what you are testing.

Stay tuned for Tip #4 Sales & Marketing on a Budget

Here is our updated Public Company SaaS interactive spreadsheet.  Enjoy!

After our post on January 26th we got several great comments about the cost of starting a SaaS company.  It definitely takes a commitment to build a true SaaS company, especially when you consider some the following facts about the 15 public companies that I tracked in my high level analysis:

• Average Start-up Capital Required:                                   $44M
• Average Time Required from Start-up till IPO:                 7 years
• Average Capital Required per Year till IPO (Burn):             $6.8M
• Average IPO Proceeds:                                                    $76M
• Additional Capital Raised After the IPO:                           $243M
• Average Total Capital Raised:                                          $363M
• Average Market Capitalization:                                      $1,262M
• Companies Who are Profitable:                                            8

The costs of getting a SaaS start-up off the ground are substantial but only about half of the firms we tracked actually started out as a pure SaaS company.   These other Cross-Over firms started out as either Application Service Providers (ASP’s) or were traditional On-premise ISV’s that move to SaaS through a combination of organic migration or through a series of acquisitions.  Companies like Concur, Kenexa, Taleo and Ultimate Software have all transitioned to SaaS from an on-premise heritage.

Montclair Advisors - SaaS Start Up Costs - Pre IPO

The shortest time to go from start-up phase to an IPO was 4 years and the longest was 13 years.  Most of the firms we tracked were founded between 1997 to 1999, which was prior and during the Internet Bubble.

When these firms went public they raised a range between $30M (LivePerson and Ultimate Software) to over $150M (DealerTrack and NetSuite), but on average they raised about $75M.  All the firms then went on to do additional capital raises from $32M (LivePerson) up to $750M (DealerTrack) but on average each raised $243M!   The total capital raised, when considering both pre IPO, IPO and post IPO capital raised, these firms raised between $100M (LivePerson and Ultimate Software) to close to more than $500M (DealerTrack, Salesforce.com and SuccessFactors).

Montclair Advisors - SaaS Start Up Costs - Post IPO

After going public, this SaaS market basket of companies have done well as a group.  The majority of the firms are profitable, which makes for solid cash flow performance, revenue visibility and overall stability of the company’s stock, for the real SaaS firms.

The most valuable company, based on their Market Cap is Salesforce.com at more than $8B and there are at least 4 other SaaS firms with valuations over $1B (Blackboard, Concur, NetSuite and SuccessFactors).  When comparing the amount of capital raised to the market valuation, the 5 best performing firms are Salesforce.com (.09), Ultimate Software (.13) , Concur (.19), RightNow (.22) and LivePerson (.31).

Montclair Advisors - SaaS Start Up Costs - Market Caps

This year, as the economy improves, promises to launch a few new SaaS IPOs and we will continue to track this core group as well as a larger group of Hybrids and Cross Overs and will periodically report back with our findings.

When speaking with entrepreneurs and investors about the investment required to start up a new Software-as-a-Service company, I often refer back to this list.   At Montclair Advisors thought this would be a handy reference for those looking to start a SaaS company during 2010.

Looks like you might need a money tree to start a SaaS company, but for those that reach critical mass and go public, there is a tremendous payback.  This is information has been gathered from various sources including Wachovia, CrunchBase and Google Finance.

Happy New Year!

In February Montclair Advisors launched our SaaS Business Profile Series and have been focused on covering as many SaaS companies as possible during 2009. As it turns out we were able to profile more than 30 SaaS companies of all types including pure SaaS firms, Cross-Overs and Hybrids!

We would like to thank all of the executives and companies that participated during 2009 and we look forward to continuing to follow their progress during 2010.

What we learned from these thirty-four profiles:

• SaaS is an evolving business model - It is still a new concept and few firms are running a pure subscription software models. Beware that there is still a lot of “Fake SaaS” out in the market overall.
• There are many variations of SaaS - these variations are based on the company’s starting point, the market they serve and the types of products they sell. Interestingly, Salesforce.com is actually not a very representative SaaS business model for the broader market.
• It takes time to build a real SaaS company - For many SaaS firms it takes up to 7 years to reach breakeven and nearly 10 years to ultimately gain scale with their business model.
• Cross-over providers will still need to hold onto their on-premise legacy for the foreseeable future, because it is hard to switch customers to SaaS all at once.  It is also difficult to upset your maintenance revenue streams, especially during tough economic times.
• The Great Recession has permanently changed the Software buyer’s behavior towards SaaS due to the lack of available capital. When you see SAP and Oracle and many of these profiled ISV’s moving their businesses to SaaS, you know it isn’t a fad.
• Penetrate and Radiate. The successful SaaS firms have started small, with easy to sell, easy to consume solutions.  They then develop additional software, services and content solutions to sell back into their installed base.

Here is an overview of the thirty-four companies Montclair Advisors covered in 2009:

Profiles by SaaS Category

Pure SaaS:        15     Started out and only offer SaaS subscription services

Cross-Overs:    11      Started out as on-premise, but have fully transitioned to SaaS

Hybrids:             8      Continue to offer SaaS services AND on-premise software

Public vs. Private

Public:               6

Private:             28

Profiles by Age of Company

0-5 Years:         9

5-8 Years:        10

8+ Years:         15

M&A by Companies

Sell-side:            2    Mint.com by Intuit for $170M and QuickArrow by NetSuite for $20M

Buy-side:           4    Lithium Technologies (Keibi Technologies), RightNow (HiveLive), Taleo

(Worldwide Comp), Xactly (Centive)

Fundraising Public & Private

What was also interesting to see is that even in the toughest economic climate since the Dot Com meltdown, that many firms that were profiled were able to raise capital in both the private and public market places.   The big winners were SuccessFactors who raised more than $200M in a public offering and Workday, raised an impressive $75M private round that was led by New Enterprise Associates.  As the economy begins to turn in 2010, expect to see more SaaS firms going back out to raise growth capital.

We hope these profiles have been helpful to our readers and we will continue to profile interesting SaaS firms in 2010, because we learn a lot about our emerging industry and we will continue to build back into the Montclair Advisors advisory services that help our clients become successful SaaS companies.

Please let us know what you think, because we would welcome any ideas on how to improve the Saas Business Profile Series for 2010.  Just drop me an email at kevin@montclairadvisors.com.

Company: RightNow

Started: 1997

Located: Bozeman, Montana

Geography: Global

Market: On-Demand Customer Relationship Management

Products: RightNow CRM Suite RightNow Service RightNow Marketing RightNow Sales

Key Customers: Drugstore.com, TomTom and Electronic Arts

Website: RightNow

Blog: Voice of the Customer

Recent News:

• RightNow Ups the Ante on SaaS with Service Level Credits
• New Product Registration Capabilities in RightNow February ’09 Drives Top Notch Customer Care
• drugstore.com Customizes Online Shopping Experience with Beauty Chat
• Good Customer Care, Not Prices, Wins Loyalty of Credit Crunched Holidaymakers

I asked Greg Gianforte, RightNow Chief Executive Officer a few questions about his business and his view of the SaaS market in 2009.

Did you start out as a Software-as-a-Service company?

RightNow has been a pioneer of SaaS / On-Demand technology since our company inception in 1997. Our underlying services are built to dynamically scale our client’s customer service and support up or down as they need. Unlike other providers, our solution is built to deliver exceptional experiences to our customers across service, marketing and sales interactions.

Why do your customers buy from RightNow?

RightNow’s on demand hosted CRM business model delivers quick time-to-benefit and helps our clients reduce operating costs, improve customer experience, retention and advocacy, and maintain a competitive edge.

What do you see as the key trend emerging in the SaaS industry?

As Cloud Computing gains momentum, it will become even more vital for a SaaS company to stand behind its service commitments since they are responsible for system reliability and performance. Customers are expecting a high level of availability and providers are using their ability to deliver as a competitive advantage.

RightNow recently announced an ‘up-time’ commitment to our customers of 99.9%, forcing our team to take uptime seriously, and making sure the right level of attention is being paid to the issue.

No amount of “money back” will take the place of performance, but a company’s willingness to put real dollars at stake underscores the confidence they have and that their customers should have in their solution.

What is your outlook for 2009?

Times are tough, but projects are still getting done and forcing some tough decisions. The best companies are continuing to adopt CRM technologies because they have identified that CRM and superior customer experiences are the best ways to keep and expand a customer base in a weakened economic state. Customers don’t grow on trees and in tough economic times it is even harder to attract new ones.

Thank you to Greg Gianforte, Jason Mittelstaedt, Joseph Brown and Katie O’Connell for contributing to this profile.